Saturday, March 26, 2011

install Android OS on your Laptop or Desktop

We have seen Ubuntu running on Nexus One / Android Powered Device, Windows XP on iPad, Windows 95 on iPhone & iPad, Mac OS X running on Nokia, Android OS running on Nokia, and Android OS on iPhone. But, how about Android OS on your Notebook or Desktop? That sounds interesting. Its GREAT to see how fast this mobile OS runs on a Laptop or a Desktop. Guys over at HowtoGeek were able to install Android OS on a Notebook / Desktop. If you are interested in install Android OS on your Desktop, you just follow the below step by step process.

First we will be installing Android OS on a Flash Drive or a Memory Drive or a Pen Drive, which will be a boot-able one and then we will make run on your Notebook or Desktop. So, lets get started.

Requirements:

  • Empty Flash Drive (256MB or more storage space)
  • Notebook / Desktop

Lets see if you NetBook or Laptop is supported: Most Eee PC models including 701, 701SD, 900, 900A, 901, 904HD, 1000, 1000HE, 1000HD, 1005HAG, S101, T91 (VESA mode), touchscreen works., Eee Top 1602C (VESA mode), touchscreen works., Lenovo ThinkPad x61 Tablet.
Except T91 and Eee Top, all can run the native resolutions (800×480 or 1024×600) via i915 driver. Thanks to the kernel mode setting (kms) feature introduced in kernel 2.6.29.

How to Install Android OS on a Flash / Memory / Pen Drive

Step 1: Download android-x86-1.6-r2.iso and UNetbootin from the links below.

Step 2: Once your downloads are complete, run UNetbootin. Click the bullet beside Diskimage, then click the “ “ button and select the Android ISO file you just downloaded. Finally, select the correct flash drive or memory card in the menu on the bottom, and click Ok.

How to install Android OS on Laptop

Step 3: UNetbootin will now copy the files to your flash drive. This may take a few moments, depending on your flash drive’s speed.

How to install Android OS on Laptop

Step 4: Once it’s finished, it will ask if you wish to reboot. If you want to go ahead and run Android, you can click Reboot; otherwise, just exit and run Android from your flash drive when you want.

How to install Android OS on Laptop

Using Android-x86 On Your Computer

Step 1: Now you’re ready to run Android on your netbook, laptop, or even a full desktop computer. Simply reboot your computer with the USB drive, and select to boot from it. Not all computers will automatically boot from a USB device, so you may have to press F2, F10, or another key, depending on your computer, and change the Boot options in the bios.

How to install Android OS on Laptop

Step 2: Now, when you boot from the USB drive, select Live CD – Run Android-x86 without installation.

How to install Android OS on Laptop

Step 3: You’ll see a text prompt for a few moments as Android begins to load.

How to install Android OS on Laptop

Step 4: Then you’ll see the Android boot screen, though we only saw it for a moment, as our computer booted really fast into Android.

How to install Android OS on Laptop

Step 5: After a couple seconds, you’ll see the Android desktop … on your netbook or computer! You can quickly access one of the apps on the home screen, or open the menu to see more options.

How to install Android OS on Laptop

Step 6: Click and hold to open a context menu, such as to change the background or add a desktop widget.

How to install Android OS on Laptop

Step 7: Or, press your mouse’s right button to open a menu, such as to open a new tab in the browser.

How to install Android OS on Laptop

Step 8: It works very good as a quick way to get online; the Android browser is actually quite capable for normal browsing, and worked very well in our tests. With a 10 second or less boot time, you may enjoy using this as an alternate to Puppy Linux or other light distros for a quick way to get online securely.

Step 9: You can even install new applications with the included AndAppStore, though these will only be installed while this Android session is running. If you reboot your computer, you’ll only see the default applications and settings again.

How to install Android OS on Laptop

Step 10: Android x86 supports all of the hardware, including cameras and Wi-Fi, on several Netbooks and laptops; check the link below to see if yours is supported. In our test, our camera wasn’t supported, and we additionally had to connect to the internet via Ethernet since it didn’t detect our Wi-Fi card.

How to install Android OS on Laptop

Download Links

  • Download android-x86-1.6-r2.iso – If you are looking for a latest version, the head over here
  • Download UNetbootin [Windows]
  • Download UNetbootin [Linux]

Friday, March 25, 2011

追查入侵记录

 网络安全是一个综合的、复杂的工程,任何网络安全措施都不能保证万无一失。因此,对于一些重要的部门,一旦网络遭到攻击,如何追踪网络攻击,追查到攻击者并将其绳之以法,是十分必要的。

  追踪网络攻击就是找到事件发生的源头。它有两个方面意义:一是指发现IP地址、MAC地址或是认证的主机名;二是指确定攻击者的身份。网络攻击者在实施攻击之时或之后,必然会留下一些蛛丝马迹,如登录的纪录,文件权限的改变等虚拟证据,如何正确处理虚拟证据是追踪网络攻击的最大挑战。

  在追踪网络攻击中另一需要考虑的问题是:IP地址是一个虚拟地址而不是一个物理地址,IP地址很容易被伪造,大部分网络攻击者采用IP地址欺骗 技术。这样追踪到的攻击源是不正确的。使得以IP地址为基础去发现攻击者变得更加困难。因此,必须采用一些方法,识破攻击者的欺骗,找到攻击源的真正IP 地址。

  ★ netstat命令----实时察看文击者

  使用netstat命令可以获得所有联接被测主机的网络用户的IP地址。Windows系列、Unix系列、Linux等常用网络操作系统都可以使用“netstat”命令。

  使用“netstat”命令的缺点是只能显示当前的连接,如果使用“netstat”命令时攻击者没有联接,则无法发现攻击者的踪迹。为此,可以使用Scheduler建立一个日程安排,安排系统每隔一定的时间使用一次“netstat”命令,并使用netstat>>textfile格式把每次检查时得到的数据写入一个文本文件中,以便需要追踪网络攻击时使用。

  ★ 日志数据--最详细的攻击记录

  系统的日志数据提供了详细的用户登录信息。在追踪网络攻击时,这些数据是最直接的、有效的证据。但是有些系统的日志数据不完善,网络攻击者也常会把自己的活动从系统日志中删除。因此,需要采取补救措施,以保证日志数据的完整性。

  Unix和Linux的日志

  Unix和Linux的日志文件较详细的记录了用户的各种活动,如登录的ID的用户名、用户IP地址、端口号、登录和退出时间、每个ID最近一 次登录时间、登录的终端、执行的命令,用户ID的账号信息等。通过这些信息可以提供ttyname(终端号)和源地址,是追踪网络攻击的最重要的数据。

  大部分网络攻击者会把自己的活动记录从日记中删去,而且UOP和基于X Windows的活动往往不被记录,给追踪者带来困难。为了解决这个问题,可以在系统中运行wrapper工具,这个工具记录用户的服务请求和所有的活 动,且不易被网络攻击者发觉,可以有效的防止网络攻击者消除其活动纪录。

  Windows NT和Windows 2000的日志

  Windows NT和Windows 2000有系统日志、安全日志和应用程序日志等三个日志,而与安全相关的数据包含在安全日志中。安全日志记录了登录用户的相关信息。安全日志中的数据是由 配置所决定的。因此,应该根据安全需要合理进行配置,以便获得保证系统安全所必需的数据。

  但是,Windows NT和Windows 2000的安全日志存在重大缺陷,它不记录事件的源,不可能根据安全日志中的数据追踪攻击者的源地址。为了解决这个问题,可以安装一个第三方的能够完整记录审计数据的工具。

  防火墙日志

  作为网络系统中的“堡垒主机”,防火墙被网络攻击者攻陷的可能性要小得多。因此,相对而言防火墙日志数据不太容易被修改,它的日志数据提供最理想的攻击源的源地址信息。

  但是,防火墙也不是不可能被攻破的,它的日志也可能被删除和修改。攻击者也可向防火墙发动拒绝服务攻击,使防火墙瘫痪或至少降低其速度使其难以 对事件做出及时响应,从而破坏防火墙日志的完整性。因此,在使用防火墙日志之前,应该运行专用工具检查防火墙日志的完整性,以防得到不完整的数据,贻误追 踪时机。

http://soft.yesky.com/security/hkjj/476/7795476.shtml
ttp://www.sinema-21.com/category/regional/asia/page/2/
http://idl4u.com/movie-behind-flower-and-snake-2/#more-15041

Monday, November 29, 2010

Theses

Results 536 - 585 of 1002 Page 11.7 of 21
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536. Mohd Rudi Abdullah "Rekabentuk Pemampat Spring : Mcpherson Strut" Bachelor Degree Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, 2005.


537. Mohd Rusllim Mohamed "Decision Tree Based Approach For Online Management Of Pem Fuel Cells For Residential Application Mohd Rusllim Mohamed" Master Degree KUiTTHO, .


538. Mohd Rusydi Mohd Ramli "Penggunaan Pemodelan Logik Kabur (fuzzy Logic) Dalam Meramal Kualiti Produk Berasaskan Kepada Kawalan Kualiti" Bachelor Degree Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, 2005.


539. Mohd Sabri Hussin "Pembinaan Web Cd Pembelajaran Bagi Matapelajaran Lukisan Berbantukan Komputer (autocad) Dalam Penghasilan Permodelan 3d" Master Degree Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, 2003.


540. Mohd Sabri Salleh "Modeling A Vibration Shock Absorber On Bmx Bicycle Mohd Sabri Salleh" Bachelor Degree KUiTTHO, 2004.


541. Mohd Safirul Mohd Noor "Kajian Ke Atas Sikap Pelajar Dan Pensyarah Terhadap Amalan Keselamatan Bengkel Dan Makmal Kajian Kes Di Politeknik Sultan Abdul Halim Muadzam Shah Mohd Safirul Mohd Noor" Master Degree KUiTTHO, 2002.


542. Mohd Saifuddin Ahmad "Study Of Mechanical Properties On Metal Matrix Composite (mmc) With Modified Stir Casting Method" Bachelor Degree Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, 2003.


543. Mohd Saiful Ibrahim "Pengawalan Kos Projek Pembinaan (kajian Kes Di Selangor Dan Kuala Lumpur)" Bachelor Degree Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, 2006.


544. Mohd Salim Abdul Wahab "Weaving Mill Management Fabric Style Canvas Mohd Salim Abdul Wahab" Bachelor Degree KUiTTHO, .


545. Mohd Sani Ahmad "Kajian Tehadap Pengaruh Tindakan Daya Pemotongan Pada Kehausan Dan Hayat Mata Alat Mohd Sani Ahmad" Bachelor Degree KUiTTHO, .


546. Mohd Sarizal Abu Bakar "Study Of Capillary Effect On Porous Ceramic Mohd Sarizal Abu Bakar" Bachelor Degree KUiTTHO, .


547. Mohd Sazali Salleh "Membangunkan Sistem Inventori Bagi Peralatan Makmal" Master Degree Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, 2005.


548. Mohd Shahril Mohd Hassan Abd Ghani "Penggunaan Tanah Liat Sebagai Pengisi Untuk Polimer Termoplastik Mohd Shahril Mohd Hassan Abd Ghani" Bachelor Degree KUiTTHO, .


549. Mohd Shahrim Hashim "Pengangkutan Sedimen Dan Kualiti Air Di Sungai Batu Pahat Mohd Shahrim Hashim" Bachelor Degree KUiTTHO, .


550. Mohd Shahrin Mohd Shah "Kajian Kumai Kimpalan Arka Tungsten Gas Terhadap Plat Keluli C1020" Bachelor Degree Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, 2003.


551. Mohd Shahrir Ahmad Zaini "Konsep Keislaman Dalam Rekabentuk Kurikulum Pelancongan Di Sebuah Politeknik Kementerian Pendidikan Malaysia" Master Degree Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, 2002.


552. Mohd Shahrizan Ahmad Fadzil "Cae For Injection Mould Making Mohd Shahrizan Ahmad Fadzil" Bachelor Degree KUiTTHO, .


553. Mohd Shahrizat Walat "Kajian Terhadap Mikrostruktur Bahan Logam Karbida Tungsten Selepas Pemesinan Edm" Bachelor Degree Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, 2003.


554. Mohd Shakirin Ab Rahim "Kajian Kes Keberkesanan Kedudukan Stor Pusat Kuittho Mohd Shakirin Ab Rahim" Bachelor Degree KUiTTHO, .


555. Mohd Shamian Zainal "Statistical Analysis And Filter Design For Conducted Emission Noise Mohd Shamian Zainal" Master Degree KUiTTHO, .


556. Mohd Shari Shafuan Mohamed Yusof "Cusum And Ewma Charting Procedure For Monitoring Process Shift" Bachelor Degree Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, 2003.


557. Mohd Sherie Zukfli "Sistem Perenjis Air Berasaskan Logik Kabur" Bachelor Degree Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, 2005.


558. Mohd Suhizan Siman "Kajian Pengaruh Tindakan Daya Pemotongan Terhadap Kekasaran Permukaan Bahan Kerja (mild Steel)" Bachelor Degree Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, 2003.


559. Mohd Taufik Syazeli Zaidi "Penghasilan Sebuah Prototaip Bot Kawalan Jauh Menggunakan Mesin Rp Jenis Fdm" Bachelor Degree Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, 2004.


560. Mohd Yahya Saad "Mesin Pengisih Automatik Automatic Sorting Machine Mohd Yahya Saad" Bachelor Degree KUiTTHO, .


561. Mohd Yusaini Mohamed Ali "Kajian Ke Atas Sistem Grid Di Malaysia Perancangan Sistem Penghantaran Mohd Yusaini Mohamed Ali" Bachelor Degree KUiTTHO, .


562. Mohd Yusri Abu Samah "Application Of Additive And Binder Materials In Ceramic Filter Production For Aluminium Alloy Casting Process Mohd Yusri Abu Samah" Bachelor Degree KUiTTHO, .


563. Mohd Yusri Rabae'i "Ujian Prestasi Terhadap Radas "universal Pump Test Set''" Bachelor Degree Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, 2003.


564. Mohd Zafifi Zakaria "Kajian Rawatan Haba Pengerasan Mendakan Terhadap Aloi Aluminium 2014 Mohd Zafifi Zakaria" Bachelor Degree KUiTTHO, .


565. Mohd Zaidi Che Mod "Analisis Kekuatan Galas Bahan Berbitumen Yang Diguna Semula Mohd Zaidi Che Mod" Bachelor Degree KUiTTHO, .


566. Mohd Zaidi Hamzah "Pengerasan Terikan Dan Lindap Kejut Serta Kesannya Terhadap Mikrostruktur Dan Sifat Mekanikal Aloi Aluminium Mohd Zaidi Hamzah" Bachelor Degree KUiTTHO, .


567. Mohd Zaim Zakaria "Pembangunan Video Dokumentari Pendidikan Bagi Mata Pelajaran Teknologi Konkrit Mohd Zaim Bin Zakaria" Master Degree KUiTTHO, .


568. Mohd Zainal Mat Il "Hubungan Di Antara Status Sosio Ekonomi (sse) Keluarga Dengan Pencapaian Akademik : Satu Kajian Ke Atas Pelajar Aliran Teknikal Di Sekolah Menengah Teknik Negeri Sembilan" Master Degree Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, 2004.


569. Mohd Zainizan Sahdan "Mask Design Fabrication And Test Nmos Transistor Mohd Zainizan Sahdan" Master Degree KUiTTHO, .


570. Mohd Zainudin Mohd Naim "Kajian Sumber Tenaga Air Dan Merekebentuk Suatu Model Ringkas Mohd Zainudin Mohd Naim" Bachelor Degree KUiTTHO, .


571. Mohd Zairi Mohammad Basri "Kajian Terhadap Sifat Sifat Mekanikal Bagi Campuran Poliester Dengan Serbuk Kayu Kayu Meranti Merah Mohd Zairi Mohammad Basri" Bachelor Degree KUiTTHO, .


572. Mohd Zubir Yahya "Analisis Sifat Mekanikal Campuran Poliester Dengan Polistirena (kotak Pembungkus Makanan)" Bachelor Degree Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, 2005.


573. Mohd Zulhasnan Mat "Aplikasi Sistem Maklumat Stok Dan Inventori Makmal Jptv Mohd Zulhasnan Mat" Master Degree KUiTTHO, .


574. Mohd Zuriman Mohd Bakri "Development Of Leaf Spring From Rattan Mohd Zuriman Mohd Bakri" Bachelor Degree KUiTTHO, .


575. Mohd. Nizam Mat Isa "Persepsi Pensyarah Tentang Program Perkembangan Staf Politenik Sultan Abdul Halim Mu'adzam Shah (polimas)" Master Degree Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, 2002.


576. Mohyiddin Salleh "Pengaruh Sejatpeluhan Dengan Tanah Pasir Dan Tumbuhan Mohyiddin Salleh" Bachelor Degree KUiTTHO, 1996.


577. Moliady Fahme Mohamed @ Abd Ghani "Failure Investigation Of Boiler Tube-microstructural Study" Bachelor Degree Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, 2005.


578. Mu Ammar Shakir Zainal Abidin "Pembinaan E Modul Analisis Rangkaian Elektrik Mu Ammar Shakir Zainal Abidin" Bachelor Degree KUiTTHO, .


579. Muaz Ariffin Ahmad "Keberkesanan Sistem Sel Dalam Meningkatkan Produktiviti-satu Kajian Kes" Bachelor Degree Kolej Universiti Teknologi Tun Hussein Onn, 2003.


580. Mugunthan Narayanan "Improvement To The Design Of The Available Hydraulic Jack Mugunthan Narayanan" Bachelor Degree KUiTTHO, .


581. Muhadir Saeman "Kajian Keberkesanan Kumpulan Peningkatan Kualiti Qit Di Dalam Meningkatkan Prestasi Kerja Muhadir Saeman" Bachelor Degree KUiTTHO, 2002.


582. Muhamad Fadzli Janadin "Kajian Terhadap Tahap Kesedaran Keselamatan Dan Kesihatan Di Kolej Universiti Teknologi Tun Hussein Onn Muhamad Fadzli Janadin" Bachelor Degree KUiTTHO, 2003.


583. Muhamad Faiz Jofri "Simulasi Terma Di Dalam Kereta Pada Keadaan Statik Muhamad Faiz Jofri" Bachelor Degree KUiTTHO, 2002.


584. Muhamad Hafiz Harun "Kajian Kaedah Penyelenggaraan Sistem Pengendalian Udara Di Istana Budaya Kuala Lumpur Muhamad Hafiz Harun" Bachelor Degree KUiTTHO, .


585. Muhamad Khairudin Awang "Kajian Gayalaku Lesu Komposit Plastik Bertetulang Gentian Kaca Muhamad Khairudin Awang" Bachelor Degree KUiTTHO, 2002.


Page : Results 536 - 585 of 1002 Page 11.7 of 21
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Thursday, September 16, 2010

手機功能代碼

手機功能代碼:

1、當不喜歡別人打攪自己的時候,又不想關機,給大家一個辦法,使自己的號碼變成空號。
輸入**21*999999#,按打電話時候的撥出鍵。當別人撥打你的電話時候就你的號碼就變成空號了。再輸入##21#,在按撥出鍵 又正常了。
PS:這個功能電訊公司是不收費的,應該是手機號碼的一個漏洞。可以當場實驗,如果覺得好用就轉給你好友,以後不想接聽那個令你傷心的她/或他的電話的時候,就用得到了。

2、識別手機質量的好壞先按*#06#,然後在你的手機上會出現一個序列號給你,你就數到第七個和第八個數。

假如你的第七個和第八個數是下面對應的兩個數,那麼你的手機質量的好壞就確定了。
02or20是很差的手機
08or80是好一點兒的手機
01or10是非常好的手機
00代表是原產公司生產的,是質量最好的手機(原裝手機)
13代表是阿賽拜疆生產的,是非常非常差的手機

3、隱形的備用電池你的手機電量不足了,為了讓它能夠繼續使用,按*3370#鍵,手機會重新啟動,啟動完畢後,你就會發現電量增加了50%。

這部分隱藏的備用電量用完了你就必須得充電了,再次充電的時候,隱形的備用電池也同時充電,下次電量低的時候又可以用這個方法。知道這個在緊急情況下如果手機電量不足非常管用。

車用遙控器落在車裡了?

你的車用遙控能打開吧?如果可以,在你有一天將車用遙控器落在車里而且備用的遙控又在家裡的話,你會發現有個手機真方便,用手機撥通家里 人的手機,將你的手機拿在離車門一英尺的地方,同時家里人拿著遙控器在他的手機旁邊按響遙控器上的開鎖鍵,這邊你的車門就可以打開了。這個方法不管你把車 開得離家有多遠都奏效。

緊急情況

全世界的手機都可以撥打的共同緊急救援號碼是112,假如你發現自己所在的地區無手機信號覆蓋,同時你又遇到了緊急狀況,用你的手機撥打 112準沒錯,因為這時候你的手機會自動搜索所有可用的網絡並建立起緊急呼叫。特別有趣的是,即使你的手機是在鍵盤鎖定的狀態,你同樣可以撥打112。試 試吧!

手機被偷了?

有個辦法讓小偷也用不了,嘿嘿!查看手機的序列號,只需鍵入*#06#,15位序列號會出現在手機屏幕上,全世界的每一台手機都有一個獨 一無二的序列號,把這個序列號記錄下來並保存好。有一天如果你的手機不幸被偷了,打電話給手機提供商,並提供你的手機序列號,他們會幫你把手機屏蔽,這樣 即使小偷換了SIM卡,仍然無法使用,你的手機對小偷來說變得一無是處。如果全世界每個手機持有者都這麼做,那麼偷手機就沒有意義了。在澳洲,警方甚至建 立了一個被盜手機數據庫,如果你的手機被找到了,就可以歸還給你了。

日常維護必用:

1、手機電池不要等到沒電才充電
一般我們都會有一種想法就是手機的電池電力要全部放完再充電比較好基本上是沒錯的,因為我們在以前使用的充電電池大部分是鎳氫(NiH)電池,而鎳氫電池有所謂的記憶效應若不放完電再充的話會導致電池壽命急速減少。
因此我們才會用到最後一滴電才開始充電。
但現在的手機及一般IA產品大部分都用鋰(Li)電池,而鋰電池的話就沒有記憶效應的問題。
若大家還是等到全部用完電後再充的話反而會使得鋰電池內部的化學物質無法反應而壽命減少。
最好的方法就是沒事就充電讓它隨時隨地保持最佳滿格狀態,這樣你的電池就可用的又長又久喔。
這是從廠商那得到的訊息,並經過本身測試而得。

2、當手機正在充電時,請勿接電話
原因是手機在充電時,來電接聽的話會有潛在的危險。
印度有一個31歲在保險公司任職業務經理的年輕人,十幾天前在手機還接著充電器的時候接聽電話,過了幾秒大量的電流經過手機,這個年輕人被摔落到地面,家人發現時,手指燒傷心跳微弱已經失去意識經緊急送到醫院後,醫生宣佈到院死亡。
行動電話是目前大家最常使用的現代發明然而,我們也必須要警覺到儀器致死的危險。

3、手機剩一格時不要使用
收訊滿格與只剩一格時相比發射強度竟然相差1000倍以上所以常講手機的人要注意哦!^0 ^
大家都知道手機的電磁波一直是讓人擔心的問題而手機的設計為了在收訊較差的地區仍能保有相當的通話質量會加強手機的電磁波發射強度當收訊滿格與只剩一格時相比發射強度竟然相差1000倍以上電磁波強度高達0.6W(瓦特)0.6W究竟有多強呢?

我無法具體描述它對你的腦袋會有什么不良影響但可以換成兩個例子來比較:
(1)把喇叭直徑約4公分左右的小型收音機音量開到最大然後貼在耳朵上那樣的噪音能量一般為0.25W不到0.5W。
(2)把手指頭放在輸出強度0.1W的雷射光前面(相當於光纖網絡的幹線能量)幾秒鐘內你會有灼痛的感覺你能長時間忍受上述這兩種狀況嗎?

手機一進水,請切記不要作任何按鍵動作,尤其是關機(一按任何動作,水馬上會跟著電路板流串),正確的方法為馬上打開外蓋,直接將電池拿下,直接強迫斷電,可保主機板不被水侵襲。
這個常識非常重要,故轉告各位,使大家的手機可用久一點。學一學吧!以後以備不時之需啊!

如何讓手機電池起死回生當你的行動電話電池使用時間變短(記憶效應或老化)時你是否會再買一顆電池來更換呢?下次當你碰到這種情況時請省下你的錢,告訴你一個很有效的方法不妨試試看:
(1)把電池用報紙包起來再放進塑料袋裹包好放入冷凍庫三天(報紙可吸收多餘水份)
(2)三天後取出常溫下放二天
(3)二天後將電池充電充飽後裝進行動電話裹測試(預估可救回80%~90%)本訊息由知名電池廠商工程師透根據測試過的朋友指出效果相當有效!
至於有沒有效果反正電池快沒用了而且冰箱人人有各位朋友不妨試試看吧!

給你的手機做個CPR吧!
手機是否常斷電?
或是明明充飽了電沒多久就又沒電了?
一定懷疑過是不是手機的壽命終了?
別擔心,它只是一時"心跳停止",只要一塊小小的橡皮擦就能起死回生了!
把電池取出後用橡皮擦把電池上的接點(黃銅片)擦乾淨,再裝回手機上,你會發現真是太神奇了!
它竟然活過來了!
還像顆新的呢!
真的很有用,提供大家做參考!

Thursday, August 5, 2010

PROGRAMMING ROBOTS

PROGRAMMING ROBOTS

Useful robot algorithms in both pseudocode and source code. Because programming is a very huge subject and there are billions of books and tutorials on how to program already written, all I plan to cover is specifically what is important to programming robots not mentioned in common literature.

Bootloader Tutorial for $50 Robot Bootloader, Step-by-Step
A bootloader is a program used to upload .hex files to your microcontroller without a hardware programmer. Learn how to set up a bootloader for any AVR microcontroller. This will also work for the $50 Robot.
Computer Vision Tutorial Computer Vision Tutorial
A four part tutorial series that covers vision in biology, image processing, and most vision algorithms.
Data Logging Tutorial Data Logging Tutorial
How to use a microcontroller and Hyperterminal for data logging, algorithm debugging, and sensor testing.
Differential Drive Tutorial Differential Drive Tutorial
Learn about the most basic of robot control drive structures.
Fuzzy Logic Tutorial Fuzzy Logic Tutorial
Learn how to implement fuzzy logic into your robots.
Line Following Algorithms Line Following Algorithms
Basic robot line following algorithms.
Microcontroller Cycles Microcontroller Cycles
Learn how to do timing on microcontrollers without using a hardware timer.
PID Control Tutorial PID Control Tutorial
Implement PID control feedback into your robot feedback control.
Photoresistor Algorithms - Photovore, Photophobe Photoresistor Algorithms - Photovore, Photophobe
Learn how how a robot can chase or avoid light.
Printf() Function Printf() Function
Learn more about the C printf() function for microcontrollers. Good reference sheet for printf().
Robot Simulation Tutorial Robot Simulation Tutorial
Learn how and why to simulate your robots.
Timers for Microcontrollers Timers for Microcontrollers
Sample code for setting up and programming timers for microcontrollers.
Trigonometry Lookup Table Trigonometry Lookup Table
Required if you need real-time trigonometry calculations but have a slow processor (such as for omni-wheel robots).
Microcontroller UART Tutorial UART Tutorial for Microcontrollers
Learn how you can use a microcontroller to transmit useful data by USB, serial, and wireless using the UART.
Microcontroller UART Tutorial UART Tutorial Step-by-Step
An addition to the UART tutorial, giving you practical step-by-step instructions on how to add UART functionality for any AVR based robot - including your $50 Robot.
Variables in C Variables in C
Learn tricks about programming variables in C. Good reference chart for variable types.
Wavefront Pathfinding Wavefront Pathfinding
One of the more basic algorithms for robot pathfinding. Includes additional adaptive mapping features.
WebbotLib WebbotLib
The best AVR Library you'll ever see. Completely and fully documented, large community of users, great support, and entirely free. It has drivers for almost all common robotics hardware/sensors on the market, and is fully compatible with the Axon microcontrollers.
Member Tutorials
PWM - an Overview - introduction to coding PWM (and code for AVRs)
C Code Optimization - learn advanced code optimization techniques
I2C, a 101 - learn how to use I2C

Wednesday, July 28, 2010

CMUcam for line following

Using the CMUcam on your robot is easy. This tutorial will detail using the CMUcam1.
Here is the CMUcam manual: http://www.seattlerobotics.com/CMUcamManualv15A.pdf

First apply power to the CMUcam as shown in this diagram:

Then connect the Data wires as shown in this diagram. Be sure to remove the Max232 chip.

Connect the GND wire of the CMUcam to a GND pin on your microcontroller. Connect the SX28 Transmit pin to your Rx pin of the microcontroller( on the Axon I chose to use the Rx of UART0). Connect the SX28 Receive pin to your Tx pin of the microcontroller (on the Axon I chose the Tx of UART0).

Now that the electrical connections are set up , we move on to programming.

NOTE: The following code was made for the Axon microcontroller , but can easily be adapted.

UART Initialization:

uartInit();  // initialize the UART (serial port)

uartSetBaudRate(0, 115200); // set UARTE speed, for Bluetooth , this is the UART port

CMUcam Initialization

void CMUcam_Initialize(void)
{
rprintfInit(uart0SendByte);//change UART to CMUcam
rprintf("RS"); // Reset CMUcam
delay_ms(500); // wait 500 milliseconds
rprintf("cr 18 44"); // Set CMUcam to AutoExposure
delay_ms(500); // wait 500 milliseconds
rprintf("RM 1"); // Set CMUcam to Raw Serial Mode
delay_ms(500); // wait 500 milliseconds
rprintfInit(uart1SendByte);//change UART to USB
rprintf("CMUcam Initialized"); // send out the message through USB
}



Set Tracking of CMUcam
rprintfInit(uart0SendByte);
rprintf("TC 90 250 0 20 0 20"); // set tracking to this specific color

// format is minRed maxRed minGreen maxGreen minBlue maxBlue
delay_us(500); // wait 500 microseconds

Get Tracking Data

int CMUcam_MiddleMass(void) //echos # of characters expected for each command
{
int temp; // set up temporary variable
int counter=0; //set the counter to 0
int echo_counter=0; // set the echo_counter to 0
int temp1;

rprintfInit(uart1SendByte);//change UART to bluetooth
temp = uart0GetByte(); // Get a Byte
while (temp != 255) { // Keep on getting new bytes until the byte = 255
temp = uart0GetByte();
}
rprintf("Start= %d ",temp);
temp = uart0GetByte(); // Get a Byte
while (temp != 77) { // Keep on getting new bytes until the byte = 'M'
temp = uart0GetByte();
}
rprintf("M= %d ",temp);

echo_counter = 8; // expect 8 bytes ( 0 thru 7)
while(1) {
temp=uart0GetByte();//returns -1 if no data present

response[counter]=temp;//store values into an array
counter++; // add one to "counter" array

if(counter == echo_counter) // once the counter equals the echo_counter
{
// successfully captured the entire M packet
uartFlushReceiveBuffer(0);//flush out receive camera buffer to stop phase shifting
delay_us(100);

temp1 = response[0];
rprintf("MiddleMassX= %d ",temp1);


temp1 = response[1];
rprintf("MiddleMassY= %d ",temp1);

temp1 = response[2];

rprintf("MinimumX= %d ",temp1);

temp1 = response[3];
rprintf("MinimumY= %d ",temp1);

temp1 = response[4];
rprintf("MaximumX= %d ",temp1);


temp1 = response[5];
rprintf("MaximumY= %d ",temp1);

temp1 = response[6];
rprintf("Pixels= %d ",temp1);

temp1 = response[7];
rprintf("Confidence= %d ",temp1);


return response[0]; // return MiddleMass of X axis
} //endif

} // end while
} // end sub


Sample Program

int data;


CMUcam_Initialize(); // Initialize CMUcam
rprintfInit(uart0SendByte);

rprintf("TC 90 250 0 20 0 20"); // set tracking to this specific color

// format is minRed maxRed minGreen maxGreen minBlue maxBlue


delay_us(500); // wait 500 microseconds

while(1) {

data = CMUcam_MiddleMass(); // get the MiddleMass value

if (data > 40) {

// do stuff, turn left, etc.

} //end if


if (data <40)>

// do stuff, turn right, etc.

} // end if

} //end while

Heres an example of a robot you can create using my code: